Izindaba kanye Cindezela

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ezinye izimpumelelo zenziwe emkhakheni wezinto zokupakisha eziluhlaza, eziye zaduma futhi zasetshenziswa emakethe yasekhaya neyomhlaba wonke.Izinto zokupakisha eziluhlaza futhi ezinobungani bemvelo zisho lezo zinsiza ezihambisana ne-Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokugaywa kabusha, okulula ukuthi abantu bakusebenzise futhi okungeke kudale ukulimala ngokweqile emvelweni, futhi kungonakalisa. noma zigaywe kabusha ngokwazo ngemva kokusetshenziswa.

Njengamanje, siphakamisa kakhulu izinto zokwakha ezinobungani bemvelo ezihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezi-4: izinto zemikhiqizo yephepha, izinto zemvelo zebhayoloji, izinto ezibolayo, izinto ezidliwayo.

1. IphephaIzinto zokwakha

Izinto zephepha zivela emithonjeni yezinkuni zemvelo.Ngenxa yezinzuzo zokuwohloka okusheshayo, ukugaywa kabusha okulula kanye nebanga elibanzi lokusetshenziswa, izinto zephepha seziphenduke izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokupakisha eziluhlaza ezinobubanzi bohlelo lokusebenza olubanzi kakhulu kanye nesikhathi sokusebenzisa sokuqala.

Nokho, ukusebenzisa ngokweqile kudla izinkuni eziningi.I-pulp engeyona yokhuni kufanele isetshenziswe ngenkuthalo ukwenza iphepha, njengomhlanga, utshani, i-bagasse, itshe njll., esikhundleni sokhuni, okuzodala umonakalo ongenakulungiseka emvelweni.

Ngemva kokusetshenziswaukupakisha iphepha, ngeke kubangele ukungcoliswa kwemvelo endaweni ezungezile, futhi kungacekelwa phansi kube izakhi.Ngakho-ke, emqhudelwaneni wanamuhla onamandla wezinto zokupakisha, ukupakishwa kwephepha kusenayo indawo, enezinzuzo zayo eziyingqayizivele.

2. Izinto eziphilayo zemvelo

Izinto zokupakisha zemvelo zebhayoloji ikakhulukazi zifaka izinto ze-fiber yezitshalo nezinto zesitashi, okuqukethwe kukho kungaphezu kwama-80%, ngezinzuzo zokungangcoli, okuvuselelekayo, ukucutshungulwa kalula kanye nezici ezinhle nezisebenzayo.Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa, izakhi ezilahliwe zingaguqulwa futhi zibone umjikelezo wemvelo.

Ezinye izitshalo ziyizinto zokupakisha zemvelo, inqobo nje uma ukucubungula okuncane kungase kube ukunambitheka kwemvelo kokupakishwa, okufana namaqabunga, umhlanga, igula, uqalo, njll.amaphakhejibabe nokubukeka okuhle kanye nokunambitheka kwamasiko, okungenza abantu bazizwe bebuyele emvelweni futhi babe nomuzwa we-ecology yasekuqaleni.

3. Izinto ezigugulekayo

Izinto eziwohlokayo zisekelwe ikakhulukazi epulasitiki, ukwengeza i-photosensitizer, isitashi esishintshiwe, i-ejenti yokuwohloka kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa, ukunciphisa ukuzinza kwepulasitiki yendabuko, ukusheshisa ukuchithwa kwayo endaweni yemvelo ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokuwohloka, zingahlukaniswa zibe izinto ezibolayo, izinto ezibolayo izithombe, izinto eziwohlokayo ezishisayo kanye nezinto eziwohlokayo ezenziwa yimishini.

Njengamanje, izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zendabuko eziwohlokayo zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi, njengesisekelo sesitashi, i-polylactic acid, ifilimu ye-PVA;Ezinye izinto ezintsha eziwohlokayo, njenge-cellulose, i-chitosan, amaprotheni nezinye izinto eziwohlokayo nazo zinamandla amakhulu okuthuthuka.

4. Izinto ezidliwayo

Izinto ezidliwayo ngokuyinhloko ziyizinto ezingadliwa ngokuqondile noma zimunywe umzimba womuntu.Okufana nalokhu: i-lipid, i-fiber, isitashi, amaprotheni, namanye amandla avuselelekayo.Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, lezi zinto ziya ngokuya zivuthwa futhi zikhuphuka kancane kancane eminyakeni yamuva, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ziyizinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni lokudla, futhi izimo zenhlanzeko eziqinile ziyadingeka ekukhiqizeni okuholela ezindlekweni eziphezulu.

Ukuze uthole ukufakwa kwekhabhoni ephansi yokuvikela imvelo, ukuthuthukiswa kokuluhlaza okushaukupakishaizinto zokwakha kufanele zibaluleke kakhulu, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwakheka kokupakisha kufanele kube okusebenzayo.Izinto zokupakisha zokuvikela imvelo ekwakhiweni kokupakisha zizoba ngenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile ngokuzayo.

Ngokwenza ngcono idizayini yesakhiwo, idizayini engasindi, ukwandisa ukugaywa kabusha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto, sizofinyelela umphumela wezinhloso eziningi, ukuze sinciphise ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yemvelo.